A good question,  isn't it - why are some call centers a success and do others drag  along?
  
 I have seen many a  call center and it seems that some of them are a big hit - highly visible in the  company, wildly successful, and loved by their customers, while others are  terrible - bad stats, disgruntled agents and customers running away, screaming.  Let us explore some of the challenges that play an important role in creating a  successful call center.
  
 We will start with  looking at it from the outside. I always like that - look at it from a  customer perspective. When would you say that you have received an  excellent service? I mean - when would you recommend a call center to your  friends?
  
 Hmm, let me think -  I'd say that a call center is excellent when they answer me fast and good. Yeah,  that is it. No more and certainly no less! Fast and good.
  
 There you have it.  Throw away the 5 pages per-agent-statistics you get on a daily basis, and start  over again. Fast & Good. That's the spirit. But what does that mean, Fast  & Good? How can you measure it?
  
 It is not that hard  to measure it. To measure Fast & Good - you measure fast and you measure  good:
    - Fast: Pick up yer    telephone before the 3rd or 4th ring (or 20 seconds waiting    music)    
- Good: Solve all    issues at the first call
Now, we know that  this of course is not possible. We cannot pick up all telephones that fast, and  we certainly can't solve all problems directly? But you can aim for the  impossible can't you? So, your SLA should be something along the lines  of:
    - We answer 90% of    our calls within 20 seconds (answered by a person, that is)    
- We handle 90% of    our calls to satisfactory completion (by the customer that    is)
So Speed of  Answer and First Call Resolution, are important -  agreed?
  
 Now why did I say  again that you should throw away the 5 pages of statistics you get every day?  Because they don't mean shit. Sorry - I mean, they don't mean very much. They  provide you with how many calls were abandoned and the average wrap-up time;  call volumes and longest waiting time - very good if you have a black belt in  statistics - but what you don't get out of there is what your call center  is doing for your business. Is it a cost center or a profit center? What is the  bottom line - are you adding or substracting to the general pot of  gold?
  
 If you don't know  that then you get the wrong reports!
  
 You need to think  business.
  
 Now, getting back to  business :-) why is First Call Resolution paramount? Let me explain it to  you:
    - If you can't    resolve it on the first call you are adding extra work for    yourself - because   
- You need to    schedule a call back    
- You need to    research the issue    
- This research is    for the current client only (Why? There must be more clients with the same    issue - it should be in the FAQ's)    
- You need to call    back the client (with the possibility missing it and again scheduling a call    back, adding even more work)   
- And of course, the    client, who is already aggravated, will call back (even more work, because the    two cases need to be linked) or not buy your services / products (loss of    money).
Thus when there  is no First Call Resolution - you lose money. If the case would have been done  at the first call, all this work could have been prevented... Hence the  importance of the FCR!
  
 So, KPI #1 (answer  90% of the calls within 20 s.) actually depends on KPI #2! When you resolve more  issues on the first call, you will be able to answer more calls within the  service level time. Life can be amazingly simple, can't  it?
  
 Let's get briefly  back to the customer. What is it that he wants again? Fast & Good. Let's  also add Personal there. I'd not like to be passed around from person to person  in a company - I want one and only one person to handle my problem. What  does the call center representative need to be able to do  this?
  
 First of all, he  will need a good system that allows a 360° view of the  customer. He will need to know all the ins and outs about this customer  that are available in the different computer databases.
  
 Furthermore the  representative should know the company culture, rules and  procedures by heart. Needless to say that he or she already knows the  products and services that the company offers and is kept up to date whenever  changes arise.
  
 Communication training! For those who don't believe that  it works I have one question - why are you reading this article? Everything  (including this article) is communication and you(r agents) should learn  how to do it. Communication is the skill they should use 110% of the day - so  train them and let them exercise it!
  
 Let your  representatives quickly cut through the red tape in your organisation -  give them authority to cut across functional areas and resolve  a case quickly. This seems simple but is one of the difficult ones to do right.  Let me repeat that. This is the hard part. Those corporate 'rules' are put in  place because management knows what best is for the organisation, and most of  the middle managment functions are created around managing these  rules.
 I'm not advocating  that every representative should be able to do whatever they like - but in a lot  of cases the agents know from their experience what will happen in a certain  scenario. Wouldn't it be in the clients' interest when they can take this  decision? After all, the call center is there so serve them,  right?
 Team leaders and  supervisors will need to check on how these cases have been resolved, of course,  so that they can adjust the decision of the agents - but do this after the  resolution, not before. You will probably lose more money when constantly  transferring calls from an agent to a team leader when a minimal decision  needs to be taken. Unless, of course, your call center handles multi-million  dollar bank transfers.
 Think of it. Agents  will feel valued, so they don't quit; Customers feel valued as decisions are taken instantly and Team leaders are  free to do the task they should do - leading their team. This brings me to the  next point.
  
 Pick your  team leaders and supervisors with care, and support them with adequate  training. Don't 'promote' the agent that is there the longest to become a team  leader, just because of that. I certainly don't hope your company doesn't do the  same when picking a CEO... Being a team leader has serious responsibilities - he  should guide the team, discuss the previous week, analyse the stats and look at  the decisions taken by his agents.
  
 Put in place a quality monitoring programme  to evaluate individual agents and teams and publish these results. This is a  touchy subject as we are entering here; it is easy to become lost in the  I-am-better-than-you evaluation and certain agents will always be  better than others. What I propose it to establish a baseline for every agent  and for every team and to monitor and to publish the deviations from the  baseline. An example. Agent Alice has a baseline of 0,7 meaning that 70% of the  issues are resolved on the first call. Agent Bob has a baseline of 0,64. In the  past week Alice has had 87 calls, of which 57 were FCR calls. Bob had 86 calls  of which 56 were FCR calls.
 A small calculation  shows that Alice performed not so good: 57/87=0,655% divided by 0,7 = 0,94,  i.e. 6 percent under her normal performance while Bob performed quite well:  56/86=0,651%, divided by 0,64 = 1,02 so 2 percent above his  performance.
 The absolute figures  need to be retained for salary increase and quarterly one to one meetings, they  don't need to be public. The relative numbers (Alice -6%, Bob +2%) can be  published either as is or weakened (as in Alice - Bob  +)
  
 And of course an  awards program (think of it as a frequent flyer program for  agents) for those agents that have a high First Call Resolution  behaviour and attitude. When you think long and hard enough you will  come up with something that will fit in with your company culture. A dinner for  two, a balloon flight, a golf course, whatever you think they would like. Or  better yet - let them decide. Make the budget and let them come with  suggestions.
  
 What is in  it for me? Or rather, for my call center?
 When you implement  these measures you will find that you will get:
    - Up to 15 %    less calls - because an amazing 15 % of people will call again when    they did not get the answer they were looking for
- Less    complaint calls. Did you know that a complaint call (handled by the    supervisor) costs 4 to 5 times as much as a normal call?
- Less claim    calls. Needles to say, claim calls (without the cost of the claim)    already cost 6 to 7 times the cost of the normal call. Plus that customer is    lost. Forever.
- Less    unhandled inquiries. An unhandled inquiry costs 3 to 4 times as much    as an issue that is handled on the first call.
Other people are  estimating that 25 to 30 % of the call center operating cost is spent on issues  that do not have a FCR. I believe them. An amazing amount of money wrongly  spend. Just imagine that you wouldn't need to spend this money. Or - let's  be realistic. Let's imagine that you would be able to solve half of those issues  on the first call. This would effectively that
    - It would look like    your budget would increase 10 - 15 %
- Your clients would    be happier
- Your agents would    be more satisfied
A dream scenario,  isn't it? Some people will tell you that this is impossible. They can be in your  organisation. The first thing to do is to ignore them. It is possible. I have  seen it.
  
 Here is how you go  start. You need do two things. First, you need to make a detailed map of  all the processes that exist in your company (or all the processes  that, even remotely, touches your call center). Second (and I mentioned this  already above, you need to have a unified view of your  customer. Because it is so important I will state it again.  
  
 Unified.  View. Of. The. Customer.
  
 Let me tell you a  small story - make that two. Let me tell you two small stories of telephone  calls I made. Once was recently and the other one was some time ago, but they  are still valid.
  
 Story  #1. I ordered some goods on a website and something went astray. I  ended up with something I didn't want and couldn't remove it - in short, I  needed help. So I called the call center. I was greeted by a friendly voice and  I explained my problem. The lady told me that indeed she saw it, had no idea why  it went wrong, but she could remove the goods so I could start over again. I  told her to do so and after the telephone call, my basket was empty and I  continued shopping.
  
 Story  #2. A year ago I decided to change energy providers. After some  research I chose one and filled in my data on their website. After pushing the  final submit button I got the confirmation e-mail and saw that I made a mistake;  I applied for the wrong tariff. I looked at the website again, but I couldn't  find out how to make changes, so I called the call center. The friendly voice in  the other side told me that "he couldn't see that order and I needed to call  back tomorrow, or the day after", because, "It sometimes takes a couple of days  before we can see the order". I called again, within a week. To cancel my order,  of course.
  
 Unnamed company #1  has a unified view of their customers while unnamed company #2 does  certainly not have it. Perhaps their employees also only have a number... I'm  sure that with those stories the importance of having a unified view of  the customer has become clear.
  
 Now, to come back to  the detailed map of all of the processes. You (and your agents) will need those  when an issue needs to be resolved. They need to be aware of all those processes  - they don't need to know them by heart, but they need to have them readily  available, so that things can be put in motion. In stead of answering the  customer "I don't know, I will ask (and hope for the best)".
  
 Furthermore, you  will need to extend your quality monitoring and call evaluation system towards a  quality management system. With such a system it is a breeze to  convince your management of the importance of the First Call Resolution and the  Actual Value Created for the business. Without such a quality management system?  Forget it.